Chemical bonding

You will be able to

• State and explain the shape and bond angle of a molecule from its bonding pairs and lone pairs using VSEPR theory.
• Predict the shape and bond angle of molecules analogous to BF₃, CO₂, CH₄, NH₃, H₂O, SF₆ and PF₅.
• Use electronegativity and shape to decide whether a molecule is polar.

You will be able to

• Describe instantaneous dipole–induced dipole, permanent dipole–permanent dipole and hydrogen-bonding forces.
• Explain the trend in boiling point of a group of hydrides in terms of the forces between molecules.
• Use hydrogen bonding to explain the high boiling point of water and ammonia (and of hydrogen fluoride) compared with the trend.