30.1 Arenes · Choose the reagents, build the electrophile and trace substitution in benzene and methylbenzene, then see why the ring is kept and where a second group goes.
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About this lab
Choose the reagents, build the electrophile and trace substitution in benzene and methylbenzene, then see why the ring is kept and where a second group goes.
You will be able to
Select the reagents and conditions for the halogenation, nitration and Friedel–Crafts reactions of benzene and methylbenzene, and identify the electrophile.
Describe the mechanism of electrophilic substitution in arenes, using curly arrows, and explain why substitution predominates over addition.
Predict whether halogenation of methylbenzene occurs in the ring or in the side-chain from the conditions.
Predict the ring position of a second substituent from the directing effect of −NH2, −OH, −R, −NO2, −COOH and −COR.
